sql server 2005 & 2008 master与msdb数据库的备份与恢复，master与msdb数据库的备份与普通数据库一样，本文主要描述master与msdb数据库的恢复的一些个人积累。

恢复【huī fù】master与🕠msdb数据库【shù jù kù】关键在于以单用户模【yòng hù mó】式启动，其它并💗没有太大的区【dà de qū】💚别🥋。

由于系【yóu yú xì】统数据库【jù kù】对Sql Server来说尤其重要【qí chóng yào】，为了确保💵SQL SERVER系统的【xì tǒng de】✋正常运行➡，除了日【chú le rì】常备份【fèn】🍐用户的数据库【jù kù】之外，我们还😒需要备【xū yào bèi】⏪份【fèn】🍐系统数据库【jù kù】，如对Master，Model，Msdb（TempDB不需备♑份【fèn】🍐）进行完🏈整备份【fèn】🍐
 

1、还原【hái yuán】🐧Master数据库【shù jù kù】🆕
如果系😿统配置丢失或【diū shī huò】Master出现问🌤题【tí】🐖，可以进入单用【yòng】🎍户模式【hù mó shì】进行🔀还原【hái yuán】🐧；如果出🤙现下列情况【qíng kuàng】🛃，必须重新生【chóng xīn shēng】🏛成【chéng】🍝损坏的 master 数据库【shù jù kù】🆕：
A. master 数据库【shù jù kù】🆕的当前【de dāng qián】备份不【bèi fèn bú】🛤可用【kě yòng】😳。
B. 存在 master 数据库【shù jù kù】🆕备份【bèi fèn】🚏，但由于【dàn yóu yú】 Microsoft SQL Server 实例🔰无法🈷启动【qǐ dòng】🛡，因此无⛸法🈷还原【hái yuán】🐧该备份【bèi fèn】⏸。
1、重新生【chóng xīn shēng】🏛成【chéng】🍝 master 数据库【shù jù kù】🆕：
注【zhù】🥥意♌：
在 SQL Server 2005 中已废止 Rebuildm.exe 程序【chéng xù】。若要重【ruò yào chóng】新生【xīn shēng】🏛成【chéng】🍝 master 数据库【shù jù kù】🆕，请使用【yòng】😳 setup.exe。
1、 Start /wait setup.exe /qn INSTANCENAME=<InstanceName> REINSTALL=SQL_Engine REBUILDDATABASE=1 SAPWD=<NewStrongPassword>
例🔰：start /wait e:“setup.exe /qn INSTANCENAME=mssqlserver REINSTALL=SQL_Engine REBUILDDATABASE=1 SAPWD=abc123@!@
注【zhù】🥥：INSTANCENAME：指定【zhǐ dìng】实🦋例🔰名，默认实【mò rèn shí】例🔰则用【yòng】😳mssqlserver表示👭
REINSTALL：指定【zhǐ dìng】🍮引擎
SAPWD：强密码🥞
Setup.exe：指定【zhǐ dìng】🍮光盘【guāng pán】1中的【zhōng de】🐌根目录💎下的文件
/qn 开关【kāi guān】用【yòng】🛃于取消【yú qǔ xiāo】所有安【suǒ yǒu ān】装程序【chéng xù】对话框【duì huà kuàng】和错误🌞消息🍻。如果指【rú guǒ zhǐ】🛹定🍧 /qn 开关【kāi guān】🗒，则所有安【suǒ yǒu ān】装程序【chéng xù】消息🍻（包括错🦋误消息【wù xiāo xī】🍻）都将写【dōu jiāng xiě】入安装程【ān zhuāng chéng】序日志文件【zhì wén jiàn】⬆。有【yǒu】关日志文件【zhì wén jiàn】⬆的详细【de xiáng xì】信息，请参阅如何查看🚤 SQL Server 2005 安装日志文件【zhì wén jiàn】⬆。
指定【zhǐ dìng】🍮 /qb 开关【kāi guān】将🎃显示基本的安装程【ān zhuāng chéng】序对话框【duì huà kuàng】。还会显【hái huì xiǎn】👻示错误消息【wù xiāo xī】🍻。
2、 还原【hái yuán】🐧Master备份【bèi fèn】🚏(在恢复master的备份【de bèi fèn】🚏时要注【shí yào zhù】🦇意♌：必须在【bì xū zài】单用【yòng】😳户【hù】(single   user)模式下进行🔀  )      a.进入单用【yòng】🎍户模式【hù mó shì】的方法🈷：     
     1.在命令行模式🕙下输入sqlservr   -c   -f   -m或者输入sqlservr   -m     
     其中：-c   可以缩短启动【qǐ dòng】🛡时间，SQL   Server   不作为Windows   NT的服务启动【qǐ dòng】🛡     
       -f   用【yòng】😳最小配【zuì xiǎo pèi】置启动【qǐ dòng】🛡SQL   Server     
     -m   单用【yòng】😳户模式【hù mó shì】启动【qǐ dòng】🛡SQL   Server     

2.系统默认没有【yǒu】🈶设置😝PATH，先进入CMD，进入“C:“Program Files“Microsoft SQL Server“MSSQL.1“MSSQL“Binn”，执行SQLSERVR.EXE –M
打开🐚SSMS工具【gōng jù】🔻，先断开【xiān duàn kāi】连接🆘，再新建【zài xīn jiàn】查询，执行以🕦下命名还原【hái yuán】🐧
USE master
GO
RESTORE DATABASE master
FROM disk=‘c:“master.bak‘
GO
开始实【kāi shǐ shí】验了☔~~~
MASTER重新生【chóng xīn shēng】🏛成【chéng】🍝
为了☔模拟【mó nǐ】MASTER数据库【shù jù kù】🆕坏了☔,我们就【wǒ men jiù】⏸删除【shān chú】MASTER数据库【shù jù kù】🆕(要停止SQL SERVER服务才能删除【shān chú】🈵)在我的【zài wǒ de】电脑【diàn nǎo】,C:“ PROGRAM FILES“MICROSOFT SQL SERVER“MSSQL.1“MSSQL“DATE 中删除【zhōng shān chú】MASTER.MDF
重新生【chóng xīn shēng】🏛成【chéng】🍝MASTER
1.首先在CMD中输入
start /wait setup.exe /qn INSTANCENAME=<InstanceName> REINSTALL=SQL_Engine REBUILDDATABASE=1 SAPWD=<NewStrongPassword>
其中的【qí zhōng de】🐌 SETUP.EXE为启动【qǐ dòng】📬光盘【guāng pán】的路径,我这里【wǒ zhè lǐ】🔒的是 E:“SETUP.EXE /QN
我这里【wǒ zhè lǐ】🔒的为默认实【mò rèn shí】例🔰所以其中的【qí zhōng de】🐌<INSTANCENAME>用【yòng】😳 MSSQLSERVER代替【dài tì】
最后的<NewStrongPassword>为密码【wéi mì mǎ】我设密码为🔇abc123@!@,所以就【suǒ yǐ jiù】用【yòng】😳abc123@!@代替【dài tì】<NewStrongPassword>
若没有【yǒu】🔇返回错误,我们就【wǒ men jiù】⏸可以到我的电脑【diàn nǎo】中🛩C:“ PROGRAM FILES“MICROSOFT SQL SERVER“MSSQL.1“DATE上面又有【yǒu】MASTER.MDF了☔
接下来【jiē xià lái】🐛进入目🛃录💎
单用【yòng】😳户模式【hù mó shì】
启动【qǐ dòng】🛡SSMS工具【gōng jù】🔻,新建查询
输入命🐼令
启动【qǐ dòng】🛡服务(MSSQL SERVER)
打开🐚SSMS
连接🆘到数据库【shù jù kù】🆕后就可以发现🌆数据库【shù jù kù】🆕中的数【zhōng de shù】💦据又回🗂来了【lái le】☔
以下是🔑我在命令行下【lìng háng xià】🔼搞的命令,我用【wǒ yòng】😳记事本的方式全部复【quán bù fù】制下来了【lái le】☔,为了不🎬传附件【chuán fù jiàn】,我就直接粘贴【jiē zhān tiē】到下面了☔
Microsoft Windows [版本【bǎn běn】 5.2.3790]
(C) 版权所【bǎn quán suǒ】有【yǒu】 1985-2003 Microsoft Corp.
C:“Documents and Settings“Administrator>start /wait e:“setup.exe /qn INSTANCENAME=mssqlserver REINSTALL=SQL_Engine REBUILDDATABASE=1 SAPWD=abc123@!@
C:“Documents and Settings“Administrator>cd C:“Program Files“Microsoft SQL Server“MSSQL.1“MSSQL“Binn
C:“Program Files“Microsoft SQL Server“MSSQL.1“MSSQL“Binn>sqlservr.exe -m
2025-07-05 00:04:46.56 Server Authentication mode is MIXED.
2025-07-05 00:04:46.59 Server Microsoft SQL Server 2005 - 9.00.1399.06 (Intel X86)
Oct 14 2005 00:33:37
Copyright (c) 1988-2005 Microsoft Corporation
Enterprise Edition on Windows NT 5.2 (Build 3790: Service Pack 1)
2025-07-05 00:04:46.59 Server (c) 2005 Microsoft Corporation.
2025-07-05 00:04:46.59 Server All rights reserved.
2025-07-05 00:04:46.59 Server Server process ID is 3984.
2025-07-05 00:04:46.59 Server Logging SQL Server messages in file ‘C:“Program Files“Microsoft SQL Server“MSSQL.1“MSSQL“LOG“ERRORLOG‘.
2025-07-05 00:04:46.59 Server This instance of SQL Server last reported using a process ID of 764 at 2008-4-18 15:46:40 (local) 2008-4-18 7:46:40 (UTC). This is an informational message only; no user action is required.
2025-07-05 00:04:46.60 Server Registry startup parameters:
2025-07-05 00:04:46.60 Server -d C:“Program Files“Microsoft SQL Server“MSSQL.1“MSSQL“DATA“master.mdf
2025-07-05 00:04:46.60 Server -e C:“Program Files“Microsoft SQL Server“MSSQL.1“MSSQL“LOG“ERRORLOG
2025-07-05 00:04:46.60 Server -l C:“Program Files“Microsoft SQL Server“MSSQL.1“MSSQL“DATA“mastlog.ldf
2025-07-05 00:04:46.62 Server Command Line Startup Parameters:
2025-07-05 00:04:46.62 Server -m2025-07-05 00:04:46.64 服务器【fú wù qì】♟ SQL Server is starting at normal priority base (=7). This is an informational message only. No user action is required.
2025-07-05 00:04:46.67 服务器【fú wù qì】♟ Detected 1 CPUs. This is an informational message; no user action is required.
2025-07-05 00:04:46.78 服务器【fú wù qì】♟ Using dynamic lock allocation. Initial allocation of 2500 Lock blocks and 5000 Lock Owner blocks per node. This is an informational message only. No user action is required.
2025-07-05 00:04:46.84 服务器【fú wù qì】♟ Attempting to initialize Microsoft Distributed Transaction Coordinator (MS DTC). This is an informational message only. No user action is required.
2025-07-05 00:04:46.95 服务器【fú wù qì】♟ Attempting to recover in-doubt distributed transactions involving Microsoft Distributed Transaction oordinator (MS DTC).
This is an informational message only. No user action is required.
2025-07-05 00:04:46.96 服务器【fú wù qì】♟ Database Mirroring Transport is disabled in the endpoint configuration.
2025-07-05 00:04:46.96 spid5s Warning ******************
2025-07-05 00:04:46.96 spid5s SQL Server started in single-user mode. This an informational message only. No user action is required.
2025-07-05 00:04:46.99 spid5s Starting up database ‘master‘.
2025-07-05 00:04:46.17 spid5s Recovery is writing a checkpoint in database ‘master‘ (1). This is an informational message only. No user action is required.
2025-07-05 00:04:46.28 spid5s SQL Trace ID 1 was started by login "sa".
2025-07-05 00:04:46.32 spid5s Starting up database ssqlsystemresource‘.
2025-07-05 00:04:46.76 spid5s Server name is ‘VM01‘. This is an informational message only. No user action is required.
2025-07-05 00:04:46.78 spid8s Starting up database ‘model‘.
2025-07-05 00:04:46.20 服务器【fú wù qì】♟ A self-generated certificate wa